{"id":355,"date":"2026-05-26T14:10:11","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T14:10:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/disantetkhucute.ituhoc.edu.vn\/?p=355"},"modified":"2026-08-09T01:05:05","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T01:05:05","slug":"van-hoa-trang-phu-cua-nguoi-la-chi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/van-hoa-trang-phu-cua-nguoi-la-chi\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u0102N H\u00d3A TRANG PH\u1ee4C C\u1ee6A NG\u01af\u1edcI LA CH\u00cd (Traditional costume culture of the La Ch\u00ed people)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Ngo\u00e0i ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, nh\u00ecn h\u00ecnh v\u1ebb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5c s\u1ee9c. Y ph\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ebfn c\u00e1c phi\u00ean ch\u1ee3 v\u00f9ng cao bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4ng vui nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee3 N\u00e0n Xin, ch\u1ee3 C\u1ed1c P\u00e0i, ch\u1ee3<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n M\u00e1y, ch\u1ee3 Ho\u00e0ng Su Ph\u00ec, nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7 v\u1eabn h\u1ecdp v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong v\u00f9ng. M\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u \u00e1o, ki\u1ec3u qu\u1ea7n, ki\u1ec3u v\u00e1y, ki\u1ec3u kh\u0103n. C\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f3c, cu\u1ed1n kh\u0103n ri\u00eang. \u0110\u1ec3 r\u0103ng tr\u1eafng, nhu\u1ed9m r\u0103ng \u0111en hay b\u1ecbt r\u0103ng v\u00e0ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 trong t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc m\u00e0u. M\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nhau \u1edf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u hay m\u00e0u ch\u00e0m, m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf hay m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, m\u00e0 ngay gi\u1eefa m\u00e0u ch\u00e0m ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bao nhi\u1ec1u gam \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u00e0u ch\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu\u1ed9m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng cao ch\u00e0m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eadm nh\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau. M\u00e0u ch\u00e0m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o tuy c\u0169 nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu\u1ed9m l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Nh\u00ec. M\u1eabu ch\u00e0m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu\u1ed9m ch\u00e0m pha l\u1eabn m\u00e0u n\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\"\"
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H\u00ecnh 1: Trang ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 y ph\u1ee5c La Ch\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t trong r\u1eebng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ng\u00e0y ch\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

So v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u k\u00ec. Ti\u1ebfng La Ch\u00ed Pu l\u00e0 \u00e1o, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cao Lan g\u1ecdi chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i l\u00e0 Pu d\u0103n dinh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb v\u1ecb g\u1ed1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef T\u00e0y – Th\u00e1i. \u0110\u00e0n \u00f4ng m\u1eb7c \u00e1o d\u00e0i t\u1edbi b\u1eafp ch\u00e2n. \u00c1o n\u0103m th\u00e2n tay d\u00e0i, c\u00e0i khuy b\u00ean n\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0u th\u00eau tr\u00ean h\u00f4 \u00e1o. V\u1ea1t \u00e1o ph\u00eda trong ng\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn ngang ng\u1ef1c. \u00c1o d\u00e0i l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n. T\u1eeb chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, c\u1eaft ng\u1eafn v\u1ea1t \u00e1o th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o ch\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f9i. Nam gi\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1edbp thanh ni\u00ean, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 x\u00e3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch m\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i \u00e1o ng\u1eafn n\u00e0y. Nam gi\u1edbi v\u1eabn m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n l\u00e1 t\u1ecda, \u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng (kho\u1ea3ng 30 – 35cm). M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ed th\u00fa l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng La Ch\u00ed g\u1ecdi qu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 quen hay quanh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng Pu P\u00e9o l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u1edbi t\u1eeb qu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p do ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c hay giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a? \u0110\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f3c d\u00e0i qu\u00e1 vai. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u0103n cu\u1ed1n hay kh\u0103n x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef t\u00f3c. M\u0169 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Chi\u1ebfc t\u00fai v\u1ea3i ch\u00e0m c\u00f3 vi\u1ec1n v\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecf \u1edf xung quanh, tr\u1eeb n\u1eafp t\u00fai (c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 27 x 22cm) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ef1ng di\u00eam thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1eb7t v\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c lu\u00f4n \u0111eo b\u00ean m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5c s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o d\u00e0i, kh\u0103n cu\u1ed1n, chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o v\u1edbi t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c T\u00e0y, chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea3n v\u1edbi t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi cho ch\u00fang ta h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 y ph\u1ee5c nam gi\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi nam gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t, T\u00e0y, La Ch\u00ed \u0103n m\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 2: Trang ph\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Nam v\u00e0 N\u1eef<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef La Ch\u00ed m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt m\u1eb7c v\u00e1y nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0y. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3, c\u0169ng theo quy lu\u1eadt chung v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1eef ph\u1ee5c \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0y, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 n\u1eef ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb v\u00e1y sang qu\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XVIII – XIX, th\u00ec \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed n\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c v\u00e1y l\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng x\u01b0a. M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen m\u1edbi – ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n – \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed9 y ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00ean l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o pu t\u1ee9 th\u00e2n, x\u1ebb\u00a0 b\u1ecb gi\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khuy c\u00e0i. Khi m\u1eb7c, v\u1ea1t \u00e1o b\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u00f3 n\u1eb9p v\u00e0i m\u00e0u s\u1ebd v\u1eb7t ngang sang b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i. Chi\u1ebfc th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng v\u1ea3i thay ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng khuy b\u1ea1c. C\u1ed5 \u00e1o kh\u00e2u b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0i m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eau th\u00f9a c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. V\u00e0o d\u1ecbp t\u1ebft, ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n di\u1ec7n 3 chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o d\u00e0i l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o nhau. Chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u c\u1eaft may gi\u1ed1ng \u00e1o pu d\u0103ng dinh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cao Lan – S\u00e1n Ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ph\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7c \u1edf kinh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

\u0110i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u \u00e1o d\u00e0i, t\u1ee9 th\u00e2n, x\u1ebb gi\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng khuy, d\u00f9ng th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e9p v\u1ea1t \u00e1o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o c\u00e1nh m\u1eb7c \u1edf trong nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u00e1i, hay l\u00e0 d\u1ea3i y\u1ebfm nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cao Lan – S\u00e1n Chi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed. \u00c1o d\u00e0i x\u1ebb ng\u1ef1c t\u1edbi d\u1ea3i y\u1ebfm tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 y ph\u1ee5c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. B\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng ai l\u1ea1i m\u1eb7c y\u1ebfm trong chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o c\u00e0i khuy b\u00ean n\u00e1ch hay c\u00e0i c\u00fac gi\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfc y\u1ebfm rua nh\u00fam c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh v\u1ea3i vu\u00f4ng (r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 37 – 40cm). \u0110\u1ea7u y\u1ebfm l\u00e0 1 g\u00f3c vu\u00f4ng x\u1ebb c\u1ed5, c\u00f3 2 d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 khi m\u1eb7c bu\u1ed9c ra sau g\u00e1y v\u00e0 2 d\u00e2y \u1edf hai g\u00f3c b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c ra ph\u00eda sau l\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 y\u1ebfm ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u01b0\u1eddng, chi\u1ebfc y\u1ebfm tr\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng th\u00eau th\u00f9a, ch\u00ecm \u0111i b\u1edfi d\u1ea3i hoa v\u0103n s\u1eb7c s\u1ee1 tr\u00ean c\u1ea1p v\u00e1y l\u1ea5n \u00e1t, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh chi\u1ebfc y\u1ebfm \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung hoa v\u0103n. Trang tr\u00ed tr\u00ean y\u1ebfm quy t\u1ee5 c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea7u y\u1ebfm v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb9p \u0111\u00f3 song song tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n y\u1ebfm tr\u1eafng, 4 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eau d\u00edch d\u1eafc b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0u song song v\u00e0 c\u1eaft nhau t\u1eebng \u0111\u00f4i m\u1ed9t, h\u00ecnh hoa l\u00e1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eau tr\u00ean y\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed9 ra gi\u1eefa 2 ve \u00e1o l\u00e0m cho b\u1ed9 y ph\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef La Ch\u00ed, tuy gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0i h\u00f2a, \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef La Ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng quen \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00f3n m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u0103n. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t quen \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u0103n vu\u00f4ng th\u00ec ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef La Ch\u00ed l\u1ea1i \u01b0a d\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfc kh\u0103n d\u00e0i. Kha la (kh\u0103n h\u00f3a) l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i kh\u0103n d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u kh\u0103n pi\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u00e1i. Kh\u0103n d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 2,85m, r\u1ed9ng 0,33m. Hai \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u00eau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0u – tr\u1eafng hay xanh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh hoa c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7u – m\u1ed7i b\u00f4ng hoa l\u00e0 4 tam gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i n\u1eeda tam gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eau b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1eaft kh\u0103n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u0103n pi\u00eau, chi\u1ebfc kh\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eaft ph\u00eda sau g\u00e1y, hai \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u0103n th\u00eau hoa r\u1ee7 xu\u1ed1ng th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u00edch \u0111eo v\u00f2ng tai, v\u00f2ng tay. Nam gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 \u0111eo v\u00f2ng tay, kh\u00f4ng \u0111eo v\u00f2ng c\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H’ m\u00f4ng. Tr\u1ebb em c\u0169ng m\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c trang ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf. V\u1edbi b\u1ed9 y ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng c\u00e1c em th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea7y c\u00fang m\u1ed7i khi h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 l\u1ec5 ph\u1ee5c ri\u00eang, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi y ph\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o th\u1ee5ng – d\u00e0i qu\u00e1 m\u1eaft ch\u00e2n, x\u1ebb gi\u1eefa, c\u00f3 th\u1eaft d\u00e2y l\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1ea3i. M\u0169 v\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 quai m\u0169. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi l\u1ec5, nh\u01b0 nghi l\u1ec5 tra l\u00faa n\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00f3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111eo m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng da tr\u00e2u kh\u00f4 (r\u1ed9ng 0,2 – 0,3cm) \u1edf sau l\u01b0ng… N\u00f3n v\u00e0 m\u0169 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5 trong b\u1ed9 y ph\u1ee5c c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi Pu P\u00e9o, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y c\u00fang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh 1 s\u1ed1 nghi l\u1ec5 \u1edf ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00f3n v\u00e0 tr\u00ean n\u00f3n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e0i m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao b\u1eb1ng tre c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 6 – 7cm. S\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y h\u1eb3n n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Pu P\u00e9o. \u0102n tr\u1ea7u, nhu\u1ed9m r\u0103ng l\u00e0 phong t\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 n\u00f3i chung, \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. Ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a phong ki\u1ebfn Trung Hoa, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ta \u0111\u00e3 ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m “\u0111\u00e1nh cho \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u00f3c, \u0111\u00e1nh cho \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111en r\u0103ng…”. Th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 r\u0103ng \u0111en l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eefa hai n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nam – B\u1eafc. R\u0103ng \u0111en c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef m\u00e3i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u0103ng \u0111en nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t phong t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea9m m\u0129 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 3: Trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y c\u00fang<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch nhu\u1ed9m r\u0103ng \u0111en. C\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 nhu\u1ed9m r\u0103ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Xinh Mun nhu\u1ed9m r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a c\u00e2y c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed th\u00ec nhu\u1ed9m r\u0103ng – Ton nh\u0129, b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 c\u00e2y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u1ecd nhai n\u00e1t v\u00e0i ng\u1ecdn l\u00e1 nh\u1ea5n t\u1ebf (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u00e2y leo nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y m\u01a1 l\u00f4ng) r\u1ed3i ng\u1eadm m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady hai ba l\u1ea7n r\u0103ng s\u1ebd ng\u1ea3 v\u00e0ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea5y l\u00e1 m\u00eda phe, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb cay, \u0111\u1eafng nhai k\u0129 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i ng\u1eadm. C\u1ee9 ng\u1eadm nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n r\u0103ng s\u1ebd \u0111en. H\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i nhai hai lo\u1ea1i l\u00e1 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u0103ng th\u00eam \u0111en. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nhu\u1ed9m r\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng cho th\u1eadt s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t nhu\u1ed9m ch\u00f3ng b\u00e1m v\u00e0o r\u0103ng v\u00e0 r\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111en. R\u0103ng c\u00e0ng \u0111en c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb9p. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi N\u00f9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Dao, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, thanh ni\u00ean La Ch\u00ed c\u0169ng th\u00edch b\u1ecbt r\u0103ng v\u00e0ng, coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, l\u00e0m d\u00e1ng, m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. T\u1ee5c b\u1ecbt r\u0103ng v\u00e0ng hay nhu\u1ed9m r\u0103ng \u0111en tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9c danh nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1eafc X\u1ec9 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi R\u0103ng \u0111en), ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kim Xi (ng\u01b0\u1eddi R\u0103ng v\u00e0ng). Ngay L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n, \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 XVIII c\u0169ng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi R\u0103ng v\u00e0ng \u1edf Tuy\u00ean Quang. T\u1ed9c danh n\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 phi\u1ebfm x\u01b0ng, kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed9c thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 phong t\u1ee5c chung, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a chung c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed \u1edf B\u1ea3n Ph\u00f9ng, N\u1ea3n Xin kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ee5c \u0103n tr\u1ea7u, c\u00f2n \u1edf B\u1ea3n P\u1eafng, B\u1ea3n D\u00edu, \u0103n tr\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phong t\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy. V\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi La Ch\u00ed<\/em>. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i: Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\u2728 H\u00e3y k\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u00e9! (Scroll down to explore the English version!)<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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In addition to language, ethnic groups can often be readily distinguished by their clothing and styles of personal adornment. Traditional attire is considered one of the most distinctive expressions of an ethnic group’s material culture. At the vibrant highland border markets, such as N\u00e0n Xin Market, C\u1ed1c P\u00e0i Market, B\u1ea3n M\u00e1y Market, and Ho\u00e0ng Su Ph\u00ec Market, which are traditionally held every Sunday, visitors can encounter representatives of nearly every ethnic community in the region. Each ethnic group is characterized by its own unique styles of shirts, trousers, skirts, and headscarves.<\/p>\n

Ethnic groups also differ in their hairstyles and methods of wrapping headscarves. Practices such as keeping natural white teeth, blackening the teeth, or covering them with gold are not only matters of personal preference but also important elements of each group’s cultural identity. Every ethnic community is associated with its own distinctive color palette. The differences extend beyond the obvious contrasts between brown and indigo or red and white; even within the indigo spectrum, numerous shades can be observed. Indigo dye is produced entirely from natural indigo plants, resulting in varying degrees of intensity. For example, the indigo garments of the H\u00e0 Nh\u00ec people, although often worn for many years, are regularly re-dyed to maintain their deep, fresh color. In contrast, some indigo-dyed garments display a blend of indigo and brown tones, creating a distinct visual appearance.<\/p>\n

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Figure 1. Traditional Attire of La Ch\u00ed Women<\/strong><\/p>\n

The distinctive color of the La Ch\u00ed traditional costume makes it easily recognizable amid the vibrant array of colors found at highland market gatherings.<\/p>\n

Compared with many other ethnic groups, the traditional attire of the La Ch\u00ed is relatively simple and unadorned. In the La Ch\u00ed language, the word Pu<\/em> means “shirt” or “garment,” similar to the Cao Lan term Pu d\u0103n dinh<\/em> for a traditional robe. This term is believed to originate from the Tai\u2013Kadai (T\u00e0y\u2013Th\u00e1i) language family. Traditionally, La Ch\u00ed men wear long robes extending to the calves. The robe has five panels, long sleeves, buttons fastened under the right arm, and a decorative embroidered seam along the front opening. The inner flap is shorter, reaching only to the chest. This long robe represents the traditional form of men’s clothing.<\/p>\n

Today, the traditional robe has been adapted into a shorter version that extends only to the thighs. This modified style is especially popular among younger men, teachers, and local government officials of La Ch\u00ed ethnicity. Men continue to wear wide-legged trousers with each leg measuring approximately 30\u201335 cm in width. An interesting linguistic feature is that the La Ch\u00ed word for trousers, quen<\/em> or quanh<\/em>, closely resembles the Pu P\u00e9o term qu\u00e2n<\/em> and shares a striking similarity with the Vietnamese word qu\u1ea7n<\/em>. Whether this resemblance reflects a common linguistic origin or results from long-standing cultural interaction remains an intriguing question.<\/p>\n

La Ch\u00ed men traditionally wear their hair long, extending beyond the shoulders. They commonly wrap or fold a headscarf around their hair to keep it in place, while hats are seldom used. A small indigo cloth bag with a red fabric border\u2014except for the flap\u2014measuring approximately 27 \u00d7 22 cm is usually carried at the waist to hold matches, tobacco, and other personal belongings.<\/p>\n

The traditional appearance of La Ch\u00ed men, characterized by the long robe, wrapped headscarf, the Tai-derived term for the robe, and the Vietnamese-derived word for trousers, evokes the historical attire once commonly worn by Vietnamese, T\u00e0y, and La Ch\u00ed men. This suggests that, in the past, the traditional clothing of these ethnic groups shared many similarities.<\/p>\n

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Figure 2. Traditional Costumes of La Ch\u00ed Men and Women<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

La Ch\u00ed women traditionally wear trousers, although a small number still wear skirts similar to those of the T\u00e0y people. Following the general pattern observed in the evolution of women’s clothing among the Vietnamese and the T\u00e0y, the transformation of La Ch\u00ed women’s attire appears to have progressed from skirts to trousers. While this transition occurred among the Vietnamese around the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it took place much later among the T\u00e0y and the La Ch\u00ed, extending for nearly another century. Consequently, the few women who continue to wear skirts preserve an ancient cultural tradition, whereas the practice of wearing trousers has gradually become the dominant custom after a long period of cultural change.<\/p>\n

The most distinctive element of La Ch\u00ed women’s traditional attire is the long outer garment. Known as the pu<\/em>, this four-panel robe is split down the front without buttons. When worn, the left front panel, decorated with a colored fabric trim, is folded across to the right side and secured with a cloth sash instead of silver buttons. The collar is carefully embroidered with colorful fabric and intricate needlework. During festivals and major ceremonies, women often wear three long robes layered together. The tailoring of this garment closely resembles the pu d\u0103ng dinh<\/em> robe of the Cao Lan\u2013S\u00e1n Ch\u1ec9 people and also bears similarities to the traditional robes once worn by Vietnamese women in the ancient royal capital.<\/p>\n

Accompanying the long front-opening robe is either an inner blouse, similar to that worn by Thai women, or a traditional bodice (y\u1ebfm<\/em>), as found among the Vietnamese, M\u01b0\u1eddng, Cao Lan\u2013S\u00e1n Ch\u1ec9, and La Ch\u00ed peoples. Together, the front-opening robe and the embroidered bodice form a harmonious and unified costume, since the bodice would not be visible beneath garments fastened under the arm or buttoned at the center.<\/p>\n

The La Ch\u00ed bodice is made from a square piece of white fabric measuring approximately 37\u201340 cm on each side. The upper corner is cut to form a neckline and attached to two ties fastened behind the neck, while two additional ties at the side corners are secured behind the back, similar to the traditional bodices of the Vietnamese and M\u01b0\u1eddng peoples. Unlike the plain white bodice of M\u01b0\u1eddng women, which is largely concealed beneath the richly decorated waistband of the skirt, the La Ch\u00ed bodice serves as a focal point of decoration. Its ornamentation includes parallel fabric bands across the upper section, four parallel zigzag embroidery lines in colored thread that intersect in pairs, and stylized floral motifs. Visible between the lapels of the outer robe, these embroidered patterns contribute to the simple yet elegant appearance of the La Ch\u00ed women’s costume.<\/p>\n

Instead of wearing conical hats, La Ch\u00ed women traditionally wear headscarves. Whereas Vietnamese women commonly use square scarves, La Ch\u00ed women prefer long scarves known as kha la<\/em>. Similar in style to the pi\u00eau<\/em> scarf of the Thai people, the kha la<\/em> measures approximately 2.85 meters in length and 0.33 meters in width. Both ends are embroidered with colored threads – typically white or blue – and decorated with stylized floral motifs composed of four triangles, each half embroidered with different colored threads. Unlike the Thai style of wrapping the pi\u00eau<\/em>, the La Ch\u00ed scarf is tied behind the neck, allowing the embroidered ends to hang gracefully down to the waist.<\/p>\n

La Ch\u00ed women traditionally wear earrings and bracelets, whereas men generally wear only bracelets and do not wear necklaces, unlike the H’M\u00f4ng. Children wear clothing similar to that of adults, although such attire is not particularly suitable for young children and often gives them a more mature appearance.<\/p>\n

Shamans wear ceremonial garments that differ from everyday clothing when conducting rituals. Their ritual attire consists of a long robe extending below the calves, split down the front and secured with a cloth belt. They also wear a wide cloth hat with chin straps. During certain ceremonies, such as rituals related to upland rice cultivation, the officiant may wear a hat or attach a small piece of dried buffalo hide (approximately 20\u201330 cm wide) to the back. Hats are not traditionally considered a standard component of La Ch\u00ed attire. A similar practice is also found among the Pu P\u00e9o people, whose ritual specialists wear hats adorned with a small bamboo star measuring approximately 6\u20137 cm in diameter during outdoor ceremonies. This similarity may reflect historical and cultural connections between the La Ch\u00ed and Pu P\u00e9o communities.<\/p>\n

Betel chewing and tooth blackening are long-established customs widely practiced throughout Southeast Asia, including among the Vietnamese and several ethnic minority groups in Vietnam. Historically, in resisting the forced assimilation policies of imperial China, the Vietnamese people preserved distinctive cultural practices, expressing their determination through the saying: “Fight to keep our long hair; fight to keep our blackened teeth.”<\/em> At that time, blackened teeth represented an important cultural marker distinguishing the civilizations of the South and the North. The custom remained common among the Vietnamese lowland population until only a few decades ago. Today, the La Ch\u00ed people continue to preserve the tradition of tooth blackening, primarily as an expression of aesthetic beauty and cultural identity.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Figure 3. Ritual Attire of a La Ch\u00ed Shaman<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

There are various methods of blackening teeth, with different ethnic groups using different natural materials. For example, the Xinh Mun people use a substance extracted from tree resin, whereas the La Ch\u00ed blacken their teeth (ton nh\u0129<\/em>) using leaves. The process begins by chewing the leaves of the nh\u1ea5n t\u1ebf<\/em> vine – a climbing plant similar to wild betel – and holding the chewed leaves in the mouth for a period of time. Repeating this procedure two or three times a day gradually turns the teeth yellow. Next, the leaves of the m\u00eda phe<\/em> plant, which have a bitter and pungent taste, are thoroughly chewed and held in the mouth. After repeated applications, the teeth gradually become black. To maintain the deep black color, both types of leaves are chewed once a week.<\/p>\n

An important step in the process is thoroughly cleaning the teeth beforehand so that the natural dye can adhere more effectively. According to La Ch\u00ed aesthetic beliefs, the darker the teeth, the more beautiful they are considered.<\/p>\n

Similar to the N\u00f9ng and Dao peoples, though to a lesser extent, La Ch\u00ed youth also decorate their teeth with gold coverings. This practice is regarded as a form of personal adornment and an expression of maturity. In the past, the customs of gold-capping or blackening teeth were so widespread that they gave rise to ethnonyms such as H\u1eafc X\u1ec9<\/em> (“Black-Teeth People”) and Kim X\u1ec9<\/em> (“Gold-Teeth People”). In the eighteenth century, the scholar L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n<\/strong> also recorded the presence of the “Gold-Teeth People” in Tuy\u00ean Quang. These ethnonyms, however, were generic designations rather than references to specific ethnic groups, as the practices of tooth blackening and gold-capping were shared cultural traditions among several ethnic communities in the northern mountainous regions of Vietnam.<\/p>\n

Among the La Ch\u00ed, customs also vary by locality. Communities in B\u1ea3n Ph\u00f9ng and N\u00e0n Xin do not traditionally practice betel chewing, whereas in B\u1ea3n P\u1eafng and B\u1ea3n D\u00edu, chewing betel remains a common cultural practice.<\/p>\n

Source:<\/strong> Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy. Traditional Culture of the La Ch\u00ed People<\/em>. Hanoi: Writers’ Association Publishing House.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ngo\u00e0i ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, nh\u00ecn h\u00ecnh v\u1ebb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5c s\u1ee9c. Y ph\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":612,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":"","beyondwords_generate_audio":"","beyondwords_project_id":"","beyondwords_content_id":"","beyondwords_integration_method":"","beyondwords_language_code":"","beyondwords_language_id":"","beyondwords_body_voice_id":"","beyondwords_delete_content":"","beyondwords_source":"","beyondwords_output":"","beyondwords_script_template_id":"","beyondwords_video_template_id":"","beyondwords_video_size":"","beyondwords_embed":"","beyondwords_podcast_id":"","speechkit_generate_audio":"","speechkit_project_id":"","speechkit_podcast_id":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-van-hoa-trang-phuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=355"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":680,"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355\/revisions\/680"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tetkhucute.disanphivatthe.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}